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Supreme Court of India with reference to the doctrine of Separation of Powers

It has been held by the Indian Supreme Court that the Constitution of India adopts the doctrine of Separation of Powers as known to Western Constitutionalism.  It is well known that the VII Schedule of the Constitution deals legislative powers as distributed between the Union and State Governments.  It is clear that Entry 22 in Concurrent List deals with labour relations [13].  When the Constitution had conferred the specific power to deal with labour relation to specific organs, can the Supreme Court act as a metal-constitutional organ and usurp the powers given to the other organs?  Pronouncing an opinion on the right of employees to strike is an act of legislation and the act of the Supreme Court in pronouncing its view is a judicial legislation, which should be frowned by the competent legislative forums.  It is unnecessary to add to the informed readers that the finding of Supreme Court in the present case that the workers do not have any moral or equitable right to strike is just trivial and do not deserve any discussions.

Even the international instruments emphasise that denial of such rights would amount to violation of basic labourers rights. Article 8(1)(d) International covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights [14] states that the State Parties to the present covenant undertake to ensure the right to strike, provided that it is exercised in conformity with the laws of the particular country.  Sub Sec.(2) of Article 8 further states that this article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of armed forces or of police or of the administration of the State [15].  It is pertinent to note that Sub Section (3) of Article 8 does not authorise legislative measures to curtail the rights of workers [16].  But we are facing a situation wherein judiciary, essentially a body to adjudicate, has pronounced measures to curtail the rights of workers.  The power to deal with the international relations had been conferred to Union Government under entries 12, 13 and 14 of union list in Schedule VII of the Constitution.  Then how can a domestic judicial organ jeopardise the finely held obligations be made valid.  That means it has given a go-bye by the Supreme Court in pronouncing such a ruling.  From this it is very clear that the Supreme Court acted in an area in which it does not have any jurisdiction at all and in the light of earlier observation on the judgement, it is unnecessary to have any discussions on such ruling and that ruling does not have any force of law.

There are other conventions that emphasises the workers right for collective bargaining, which includes right to strike.  The Committee on freedom of Association, which examined the workers right to strike under the provisions of ILO, had given a finding that the strikes are recognised as legitimate weapons in furtherance of member’s interest [17].  The Committee further states that any general provision would recognise the right of state employees to go for a strike with restrictions, though such restrictions shall not prohibit the right to strike.  Going a step further, the Committee also recommended that the workers organisation should not be prevented from striking against the social and economical policy of the Government [18].  Even a legislation that replaces the employees who are under strike with new recruits would seriously affect the rights of trade unions.  Concluding the above recommendation, the Committee said that the right is not absolute and may be restricted in exceptional circumstances or even prohibited for certain categories of workers, in particular, certain public servants …on the condition that compensatory guarantees are provided to such public employees [19].

Free online money making opportunity with adsense

Make money at home, Google Adsense, is one of the most popular ways to create passive income.It shows ads that are relevant to your contents and integrated very well inside your website.

Instead, Google Adwords allows to make advertise on Google search engine, so your ad may appear next to the search results. Even if you already appear in Google’s search results, AdWords can help you increase your traffic on Google and other websites. Google’s text advertisements includes one title line and two content text lines.

What’s happens when an advertiser signs up for a Google Adwords account. Well, it can create one or more advertisments that it want to have appear on Google’s search result pages or on websites.

The best way of this business is that advertise pay only when customers click on the banner ads. This amount it comes subdivided between Google and website owner. For example, if Google pay website owner around $o.40, the advertiser has paid around $2.00. So if you have a few thousand visitors a week, you have a chance to make about $50 from your website in a week.

In this brief introduction I walk you through the key features of what looks to be a great affiliate programs.

Step 1) Sign up for an Adsense account. All you have to do is enter your website URL, and your personal data. You can use Adsense code testing on your blog only after you’re approved by Adsense Team.

Step 2) Now it’s time to configure your own Adsense banner (layout size and color scheme). AdSense offers a number of ad formats and advertising products. I encourage to experiment changing the placements once to week.

According to the Adsense policy, users can put up to three ad units on each page, and up to three link units may also be placed on each page. Like Ad format I use a large Rectangle(336Ч280) on the top of the home page and inside on any my blog posts.

Step 3) What colour palettes are the most successful? If you want the biggest revenue impact for the smallest effort, we recommend optimising your colour palettes. Choosing the right palettes can mean the difference between ads your user will notice and click on and ads he/she will skip right over. I use a white background color and a white border color that’s are the same as the background color of my page.

Step 4) Alternate ads allow you to use your ad space in the event that Google is unable to serve targeted ads to your page. By default, Google shows public service ads (PSAs) if no targeted ads are available. By specifying a colour, image, HTML page or ad server of your choice, you can make sure that your advertising space is always being used effectively, either by targeted Google ads or by your own choice of content.

Step 5) Give in mind, any method that artificially generates clicks or impressions on your Google ads is strictly prohibited according to Adsense police.

Best way to make money at home is , get any good adsense ready websites, package if you don’t have time to make websites. Then we recommend adsenselover to make money at home, just make a search in google  “adsenselover” and you will find a good adsense websites package from adsenselover. These all pre_built websites are fully optimized for to make good adsense revenue and all are highly keyword targeted and search engine optimized.

Decorate a Sophisticated Office for Less than $2000

You started a business.  You bought a suit.  You received your business and license and all you need now is an office where you can spend the next year of your life getting your business off the ground.  The last thing you want is to look to customers like your company doesn’t make enough to stay in business.  Let’s face it.  Appearance is everything.

So how do you put an office together without much money?  We found a few companies that you can bet on for all the high-quality stuff you need, at affordable prices, and no hidden charges.  Ready? Pay attention!

The most important online company we found was Versa Tables.  Never heard of them? You have now!  Versa Tables designs and manufactures high-quality, affordable, computer furniture for offices and schools, and best of all, ships directly to the consumer without a middle man.  And anyone can order from their online site.

For our demonstration, we ordered five attractive black vinyl side chairs (two for your office and three for the reception area), two 48-inch Enclosed Classroom Desks, two task chairs, and two ergonomically enhanced Deluxe Keyboard Arms and Trays for comfort.  The whole thing cost us less than $1800, leaving an extra $200 for a few framed pictures, plants, or even a fish tank.

The best thing about Versa Tables—besides their high-end, attractive furniture—is that they don’t charge for shipping at all.  So what the site says you’ll pay, is exactly what you’ll pay.  No hidden handling fees or weight fees for shipping heavy desks and chairs.  They also accept PayPal.

In addition to the basic office furniture, you’ll need some supplies:  staplers, pens, paper, desk organizers, calendars, etc.  We found an impressive variety of products from file containers to pencil sharpeners at Target online.  Another great online source is Green Light Office.  The site actually tells you if they have the lowest price or not on each item.

When decorating an office, keep in mind that aesthetics are everything.  You want your office to look inviting, clean, neat, and convey an image of success.  Avoid furniture that’s too big for the space, plastic plants, and colors that don’t match.  Purchase all your office furniture from one source, ensuring the colors work together and the style of the pieces you’ve chosen are compatible.  You don’t need to be an interior designer to do this.

Purchasing everything from one source will guarantee that they’ll work.

As a small business, you probably won’t have retailers bending over backward to get your business, but that’s okay.  Going direct to the manufacturer’s websites can often give you the same prices the ‘big guys’ get without having to prove yourself first.  It’s always a good idea as well to start building good credit as soon as you can so that your application will pass when you’d like to begin using purchase orders.  The privilege of being able to send a purchase order (which is basically a written guarantee that you’ll pay for whatever you’re buying so the company will process your order prior to you actually paying for it) only comes with good credit, which is priceless.

Promotional Items As Keys To A Successful Business

Advertise your business through promotional items to boost your profits. Learn how to create and fully utilize your promotional items.

Setting up a business of your own is tough. Managing it and bringing it to its maximum potential and productivity is very challenging. In order for this to happen you must have a lot of customers. Acquiring customers is another story.

In order for you to acquire customers for your business, you should be able to draw their interest towards you. You should have products or services that they want. Entice them to what your business can offer. If they are satisfied well enough, they might keep coming back for more. Your products must appeal to customers in the first place.

If you are starting out and not a lot of people are aware of the existence of your business venture, it will be very difficult to have a lot of customers in the beginning. But depending on your business product, as mentioned earlier, customers will either flock at your business or leave it alone. You can either come up with a new product, or opt for other methods to attract customers.

Advertising your business is a great way to boost your business sales. Through advertising, a lot of customers will be informed of your business’ existence. Dissemination of information through word of mouth is one basic way of promoting your business. If you have a lot of cash, try spending on TV commercials or even advertising through the internet. You can also settle for other traditional methods such as posting ads in newspapers or placing posters in strategic locations around town.

A proven effective method of advertising your business effectively is through the use of promotional items. What are these? Promotional items are certain objects that are used for giveaways to clients and other people to help spread the name of your business around. These objects have the imprinted logo of your business as well as all the vital information like address and phone number. These items come in all sorts of sizes. Smart business owners often give away promotional items that grab attention and used frequently like shirts, hats, bags, and such. Other effective mediums for promotional items are calendars. Just think about it, everyday people look at the calendar to know the date and plan schedules they have in the days to come. They will practically see the name of your business, your logo, and other endorsements and information.

Some promotional products are even not your typical everyday items. Perhaps the goal of these is to be unique in a way that it amuses people. You’ll be surprised at the sheer variety of these promotional items, ranging from catchy stickers to stress balls. The options are unlimited! So think of your promotional items now and make it as unique as possible.

It is also necessary to consider that your promotional item should be relevant to your business. Upon choosing an object, you must be able to make sure that this object, when given to other people, will remind those people of your business. For example, if you’re running a tire business, you can have mini tire replicas as paperweights to be given to your clients. That way, when they glance at these paperweights they place on their desk, they will always be reminded about your business. Think of similar possible items that people will admire and want to keep looking at.

Be creative in formulating promotional items. Don’t use typical dull products. Be intuitive of people’s needs. Clients will just ignore these or even throw them away if they’re not useful.

After thinking of what promotional product to use for your business, try to internalize on what to do with them to help you and your business. You can’t just place it anywhere or give it to any passerby. Try to target those individuals who have the potential to be your market. For instance, if you’re running a business on baby toys, you can’t just give your promotional items to teenagers, unless of course they happen to already have children.

Once you’ve secured your promotional items, you can also do wonders for your business by participating in trade shows. Trade shows are social gatherings where companies sharing the same theme manage booths inside a huge location and people are free to browse and look around. It is an advertising gimmick to boost business ventures. In order for you to maximize your booth and get a lot of attention from the people, you should make use of your promotional items. Use them as baits to lure the people to your booth. That way, the more the attention, the better the reputation and popularity your business will have. This will help boost your revenues a thousand fold.

After going through all of these your business will definitely by one step ahead. You’ll come to appreciate the wonders of promotional items in advertising and marketing.

MS Connectors

The MIL-C-5015 MS circular connectors have been around the longest, and are often referred to as MS Connectors. MS connectors needs no tools for coupling and assembling of the connectors when attaching cables to equipment. MS connecor can be coupled by inserting the coupling nut of barrel into the receptacle and turning to the screw direction.These MS connectors are designed for use in fixed or mobile military equipment, industrial machine tools, robotics and automation, trucks, buses, ships aircraft etc.

Jetronics India, established as Manufacturers of Ms Connectors in 1985, has grown into a leading producer and exporter of MS connectors, MIL C 5015 grade electrical connectors and related accessories like MG Connectors, Circular Threaded Coupling Connectors, MS 25042 connectors, MS 25043 connectors, Reverse Bayonet connectors, 121B connectors, Military connectors, MIL 5015 connectors, VG 95234 connectors, Military connectors.

Originally designed as military connector, current applications widely centre on industrial uses.

Circular Threaded Coupling connectors

These connectors are thread coupled and are in conformity to operating requirements of MIL C 5015 specifications for various industrial applications and are used in both military and commercial applications. MIL-C-5015 are the most popular of all cylindrical connectors for general use in electronic interconnection systems. These connectors are known for their supreme reliability, high power carrying capacity, their inherent ruggedness and capacity to withstand extreme environmental conditions. Typical circular connectors have pins mounted into an insert within the connectors. Disposed around the insert is a movable coupling nut which can be twisted to allow the coupling nut to threadedly engage the mating receptacle connector

Jetronics Connectors

Jetronics India’s continuing mission is to focus on quality connectors, high level of services, cost effectiveness, innovative solutions that satisfy interconnect needs of customers while exceeding their expectations

The Worldwide Battery Trade Powerhouse Going Strong

The world wide battery market is now worth roughly fifty-five billion US dollars, of which roughly 6 billion dollars is allocated to rechargeable (secondary) batteries. The growth is estimated at five% annually through 2012. Indonesia, Pakistan, Ecuador, Germany and Japan will record some of the strongest market gains.

Presently the strongest growth area inside the battery sector is the automotive market, which is having strong double-digit growth.  In the automotive space, HEVs are driving a tide in demand for lithium and other chemical technologies, while the core SLA battery market continues to sustain revenues and show steady growth due to after-market sales and the expanding global fleet of motor vehicles.   Almost 50 percent of the current 13 billion dollar lead acid battery market is due to the replacement category.  Despite recent increases in lead prices, the Sealed lead-acid battery market is likely to experience continued growth owing to its reliability, tough construction, low cost of maintenance, better performance compared with other technologies, and the inability to develop a commercially viable alternative technology that could replace SLA batteries in all these aspects.

Another fervent growth sub-category is the PC battery market which is expected to rise from one point five billion dollars in 2006 at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 8 percent.

The reality above are abundant grounds of just how hot the battery market is for venture capitalists at the moment, and what a vast return they expect if a battery technology breakthrough should occur.  A revolution in this space might be akin to the holy-grail, due to dependency on batteries for portability.

Of the many chemical technologies, the Lithium rechargeable battery market is projected to be seven billion dollars in 2015.  Of this growth, the Lithium rechargeable battery market for Hybrid Electric Vehicles is envisaged to rise from virtually zero in 2006 to roughly  US two billion dollars in 2015 – the equivalent of a 50% year-over-year CAGR.  The overall market for Lithium batteries is increasing much faster in terms of quantity, but due to device cost reductions due to improved efficiencies in the manufacturing processes and increases in production volumes, aggregate revenue growth is not forecast to quicken so quickly.

The storage battery market is extremely competitive and vast sums of money are invested on research and development each year.  Advanced New chemical technologies, along with advancements in old technologies leads industry experts  to predict improvements in battery capacity (for equivalent size and weight) of 3 to 4 times over the next 4 years.  This doubling of capacity every 2 and a half years is similar to moores law in the computer sector which sees cpu power doubling every sixteen months.

In terms of single-use batteries, ordinarily a consumer purchases these types of batteries 4 times per year.  Single-use batteries are gauged to have the highest margin per sq foot in most retail stores, and they are often an distress purchase by the consumer.  These kinds of batteries are sold in more retail establishments than any other products, period.  This is obviously due to the vast array of products that are heavily reliant on batteries – Many experts view sales pretty much recession proof.

From an environmental view, expendable batteries are obviously problematic, due to their very nature.  The worlds landfills are full of the often toxic byproducts of the disposable battery boom.  In light of this the European Union has come to the table and introduced legislation called the European Directive on Batteries, which has finally been agreed to and will come into force in 2008, introducing recycling to the market.  It is hoped that the US and other notable countries will follow this development closely and introduce their own environmental bills.

The Importance of Good Feedback

Getting good feedback from customers and employees is vital for any business that expects to grow.  Without knowledge, business leaders can not make educated decisions.  Uneducated decisions lead to a higher rate of failure, which can have detrimental impacts on a business.  Without high quality information, a business owner is flying blind.

When flying an airplane, pilots depend on their instrumentation to tell them how they’re doing, where they are going, and where they need to go.  The artificial horizon helps them control their altitude, a compass helps them navigate, and other instruments give them vital information.  Even data received over the radio from airports  is crucial.  All this information is vital for the safety and success of the flight.

Just as a pilot needs feedback, so do business owners.  A pilot would never fly blind except in extreme situations, and a business owner is doing the exact same thing if they don’t educate themselves before making important decisions.  Of course, the best way to educate oneself is to ask the experts.  In a business situation, the very best experts to ask are your customers.  After all, they’re the ones who are buying whatever it is you’re selling.

Grabbing data is one thing, but grabbing the right kind of data is entirely another.  When the title of this article says "Good Feedback," it means high quality feedback, not just positive feedback.  Negative feedback can be of high quality and is often more crucial for businesses than positive feedback.

Anyone serious about making educated decisions should have a great, scalable survey solution in place.  Scalable means you can use it for a small business all the way to an enterprise level system.  A survey solution should give you full control over the types of questions and the types of answers you can use (i.e. multiple choice, essay, etc.).  This will give you the ability to customize the type of feedback you receive.

The best way to form a good survey is to start with your ultimate goal in mind.  Think about what types of information you will need to build your ultimate report.  Ask them same questions a few different ways to account for errors, and lay out your format in the simplest, easiest way possible.  The easier the survey is to fill out, the more likely people will fill it out with accurate information.  Accurate information is the key to good data.

With a well though out survey and lots of information, we can now start running reports on the data.  If you got enough information, you should be able to figure out several things with the data you have.  If you only want the answer to one question, a few additional questions can give you more answers as well, even if they are unrelated to your most important questions.

Any good survey system worth it’s own weight will have a great reporting system.  Different ways of aggregating the data can show different trends and information, so it should be easy to manage every aspect of your survey campaign.  Your flexibility for reports should match the flexibility of the survey itself.

Surveys can be sent out via your email list (just make sure people know when they sign up that they might be getting these types of emails), filled out online as an opt-in during the checkout process, or sent out to rented lists.  Whatever way you decide to go, just be sure that your survey is targeting the demographics you are most intereted in.

With a good survey, you can increase your knowledge manyfold.  Decisions will become clear.  For small outfits to enterprise level operations, collecting data and feedback is the ultimate way to make educated decisions.

Custom Printed T-Shirts – Top Seven Tips for Using Them in Your Business

When you decide to create your own business you often find that there are a number of expenses that you do not think about.  Uniforms, advertising, things to raise employee morale, and promotional items are all costs that people often overlook but can quickly add up.  Custom Printed T-shirts are a great way of taking care of all of these things.  This list will give you seven tips that will help you be successful when choosing the right company to use and the right products purchase.  We hope to remove some of the information asymmetry that small businesses, especially those which are new to the process.  We want you to know what to look for so that you can be a more educated buyer.

7.  Know what it is that you need the shirts for.  Many times, people will call a firm that they have found and ask for a quote on custom printed T-Shirts.  While we don’t discourage the effort and enthusiasm, the truth is that when you approach a deal, you need to know more about what you want.  This does not mean that you need to know the inner mechanics of screen printing and embroidery digitization, but you should know what the shirts are going to be used for.  If you are using them as an outdoor uniform, then you might want heavy material.  If you need jerseys for a company basketball team, perhaps a less expensive and cheaper 50/50 blend would be better suited for your needs.  The point is you don’t need to know the exact product that you are wanting, but you should know why you need them and what you expect to get out of them.

6.  Don’t be afraid to ask questions.  This is more than a way for you to figure out if you are getting what you want or if you and your printer are on the same page.  Screen printing is not something that just anyone can one day decide they want to do.  It requires technical knowledge as well as equipment and time.  By asking a few questions about the process and the product, you can often gain insight into the condition of the business.  Why settle for doing business with someone who doesn’t deserve your trust.

5.  Take into account the additional costs.  Custom printers often deceive their customers by not including details like artwork, shipping, and setup.  Make sure that if you need artwork or graphic design that you figure out whether that is included and if not how much extra it will cost.

4.  Don’t forget about additional items.  While screen printing and custom T-shirts are one of the greatest advertising tools and great for a number of things for you company, they aren’t the only product available.  We assume that if you are reading this article that you have already discovered or thought about the advantages of custom printed T-Shirts, but there other promotional products that can complement your T-Shirts.  I recommend you find a firm that can do both.  Usually they are able to offer discounts and if not it is still much more convenient to deal with a single firm then to try to deal with multiple companies all trying to sell you the same thing.  In addition, often you can save on shipping and digitizing fees if you use the same company.

3.  Order a few extra.  One mistake that people often make is that they order too few or just enough of the custom printed shirts that they have nothing to spare.  This seems like a good idea because people don’t want to get suckered into having a bunch of extra T-Shirts, but that is a short term strategy that many people end up regretting.  The problem is that when people do not order enough they often have to go back and reorder one or two T-Shirts.  This seems fine, but screen printing makes doing a single shirt not cost effective.  The benefit is that you receive economies of scale, so going back to reorder a single T-Shirt means that you may have incur a significant rise in cost.

2. Know when you need your product ready.  Many customers call up too late and find that they are either going to be charged more money for a rush job or that it is simply impossible to do the job in a short period of time.  Giving yourself extra time means that you will be less stressed and that your product will turn out great.

1. Use the internet and don’t worry about local.  The internet allows people from all over the country to have access to the best deals and products.  So even if you are located in New York, NY and your screen printer is located in Portland, OR, you can still get the same service and coverage that you would from a local printer.  In fact, it may even work out better because it gives you, the customer, and access to the best from a much larger geographic area.  The internet is your friend.  It has helped the printer, now let it help you.

I hope that you have found these tips helpful.  As a screen printer, I often find that my customers want to be educated and my own company www.taylormadetshirts.com wants to work with educated customers.  That is why I am offering you some insights into getting screen printing and custom T-Shirts done.  I hope you will give my website a chance and see how I can help, but if not I at least hope that you can use this information to help your own small business.

Mike Thompson